Efeito da gestão familiar na avaliação do desempenho da empresa: evidências do Brasil

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.16930/2237-7662/rccc.v17n52.2727

Palavras-chave:

Empresa Familiar, Desempenho da Empresa, Setor de Consumo Cíclico, Brasil.

Resumo

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar o efeito da gestão familiar na avaliação do desempenho de empresas brasileiras de capital aberto pertencentes ao setor de consumo cíclico listadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3). Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, documental e com abordagem quantitativa por meio da utilização da Regressão Linear Múltipla. O período de análise compreendeu os anos de 2012 a 2016. A amostra do estudo foi constituída por 34 empresas brasileiras familiares e 66 empresas não familiares, totalizando as 100 empresas classificadas no setor de consumo cíclico. Os resultados revelaram diferenças entre as empresas familiares e não familiares quanto ao desempenho contábil, visto que esta variável se relacionou significativa e positivamente com o desempenho medido pela proxy ROA. Isto sugere que as empresas familiares buscam ao longo dos anos melhorar o valor dos ativos, pois quanto maior o desempenho contábil, mais investidores se interessarão nestas empresas, com expectativas de retornos a longo prazo. Outra evidência encontrada é a relação entre o tamanho da empresa e seu desempenho de mercado e contábil. Em empresas familiares, este achado indica que seu tamanho apresenta relação com estas empresas do setor de consumo cíclico, pois tendendo a serem mais eficientes no uso de seus ativos, relacionam-se positivamente com o desempenho. Conclui-se que o desempenho de mercado medido pela proxy Q de Tobin se apresentou como um dos principais indicadores que levam as empresas à uma alta performance organizacional.

Biografia do Autor

Elisane Brandt, Universidade Regional de Blumenau

Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Endereço: Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140 | Itoupava Seca | 89030-903 | Blumenau/SC | Brasil.

Adriana Kroenke, Universidade Regional de Blumenau

Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Endereço: Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140 | Itoupava Seca | 89030-903 | Blumenau/SC | Brasil.

Caroline Pletsch, Universidade Regional de Blumenau

Universidade Regional de Blumenau. Endereço: Rua Antônio da Veiga, 140 | Itoupava Seca | 89030-903 | Blumenau/SC | Brasil.

Referências

Acquaah, M. (2013). Management control systems, business strategy and performance: a comparative analysis of Family and non-family business in a transmition economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Family Business Strategy,4(2), 131-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2013.03.002

Amran, N. A. & Ahmad, A. C. (2009). Family business, board dynamics and firm value: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 7(1), 53-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/19852510980000641

Anderson, R. C., & Reeb, D. M. (2003). Founding-family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence for the S&P 500. The Journal of Finance, 58(3), 1301-1328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6261.00567

Andres, C. (2008). Large shareholders and firm performance: an empirical examination of founding-family ownership. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(4), 43-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2008.05.003

Ayranci, E. (2014). A study on the influence of family on family business and its relationship to satisfaction with financial performance. Business Administration and Management, 17(2), 87-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2014-2-007

Berrone, P., Cruz, C., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (2012). Socioemotional wealth in family firms: Theoretical dimensions, assessment approaches, and agenda for future research. Family Business Review, 25(3), 258-279. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486511435355

Beuren, I. M., Hein, N., & Boff, M. L. (2011). Estratégias de legitimidade organizacional de Lindblom (1994) versus geração familiar gestora de empresas familiares. Revista Iberoamericana de Contabilidad de Gestión, 9(17), 1-20.

Beuren, I. M., Politelo, L., & Martins, J. A. S. (2013). Influência da propriedade familiar no desempenho das empresas da BM&FBovespa. Anais da Associação Nacional de Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, 7.

Beuren, I. M., Politelo, L., & Martins, J. A. S. (2016). Influence of family ownership on the companies performance. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 12(5), 1-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMF-09-2014-0151

Bonilla, C. A., Sepulveda, J., & Carvajal, M. (2010). Family ownership and firm performance in Chile: A note on Martinez et al.’s evidence. Family Business Review, 23(2), 148-154. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486510365508

Burkart, M., Panunzi, F., & Shleifer, A. (2003). Family firms. The Journal of Finance, 58(5), 2167-2201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6261.00601

Chahine, S. (2007). Block-holder ownership, family control and post-listing performance of French IPOs. Managerial Finance, 33(6), 388-400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03074350710748740

Chua, J. H., Chrisman, J. J., & Sharma, P. (1999). Defining the Family business by behavior. Entrepreneurship: theory and practice, 23(4), 19-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879902300402

Costa, W. B. da, Macedo, M. A. S., Yokoyama, K. Y., & Almeida, J. E. F. de. (2017). Análise dos Estágios de Ciclo de Vida de Companhias Abertas no Brasil: Um Estudo com Base em Variáveis Contábil-Financeiras. Brazilian Business Review, 14(3), 304-320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2017.14.3.3

Dawson, A. & Mussolino, D. (2014). Exploring what makes Family firms diferente: discrete or overlapping constructs in the literature? Jounal of Family Business Strategy, 5, 169-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2013.11.004

Dickinson, V. (2011). Cash flow pattems as a proxy for firm life cycle. The Accounting Review, 86(6),1969-1994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2308/accr-10130

Din, S. U. & Javid, A. Y. (2011). Impact of managerial ownership on financial policies and the firm’s performance: evidence Pakistani manufacturing firms.

Donckels, R., & Fröhlich, E. (1991). Are Family business really diferente? European Experiences from stratos. Family Business Review, 4(2), 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1991.00149.x

Erbetta, F., Menozzi, A., Corbetta, G., & Fraquelli, G. (2013). Assessing Family firm performance using frontier analysis techniques: evidence from Italian manufacturing industries. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 4(2), 106-117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2013.04.001

Family Firm Institute – FFI. (2015). Recuperado em 25 abril, 2018, de http://www.ffi.org/

Fávero, L. P., Belfiore, P., Silva, F. D., & Chan, B. L. (2009). Análise de dados: modelagem multivariada para tomada de decisões.

Fávero, L. P. (2015). Análise de Dados: Modelos de Regressão com Excel®, STATA® e SPSS®. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.

Franks, J., Mayer, C., Volpin, P., & Wagner, H. F. (2012), The life cycle of Family ownership: international evidence. The Review of Financial Studies, 25(6), 1675-1712. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhr135

Frezatti, F., Bido, D. S., Mucci, D. M., & Beck, F. (2017). Estágios do ciclo de vida e perfil de empresas familiares brasileiras. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 57(6), 601-619. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s0034-759020170607

Gómez-Mejía, L. R., Haynes, K. T., Núñez-Nickel, M., Jacobson, K. J. L., & Moyano-Fuentes, J. (2007). Socioemotional Wealth and Business Risks in Family-controlled firms: Evidence from Spanish Olive Oil Mills. Cidade Universitária, 31(1), 106-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.52.1.106

Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2006). Dasar-dasar ekonometrika. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Halili, E., Saleh, A. S., & Zeitun, R. (2015). Governance and long-term operating performance of family and non-family firms in Australia. Studies in Economics and Finance, 32(4), 398-421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-02-2014-0034

Hamberg, M., Fagerland, A. E., & Nilsen, K. K. (2013). Founding-family firms and the creation of value: Swedish evidence. Managerial Finance, 39(10), 963-978. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-11-2012-0228

Hiebl, M. R. W., Duller, C., Feldbauer-Durstmüller, B., & Ulrich, P. (2015). Family influence and management accounting usage – findings from Germany and Austria. Schmalenbach Business Review, 67(3), 368-404. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03396880

Holt, D. T., Rutherford, M. W., & Kuratko, D. F. (2010). Advancing the field of Family business research: further testing the measurement properties of the F-PEC. Family Business Review, 23(1), 76-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894486509349943

Kang, H. C. & Kim, J. (2016). Why do family firms switch between family CEOs and non-family professional CEO? Evidence from Korean Chaebols. Review of Accounting and Finance, 15(1), 45-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/RAF-03-2015-0032

Macedo, M. A. S. & Corrar, L. J. (2010). Analise do desempenho contábil-financeiro de seguradoras no Brasil no ano de 2007: um estudo apoiado em análise hierárquica (AHP). Contabilidade Vista & Revista, 21(3), 135-165.

Martínez, J. I., Stöhr, B. S., & Quiroga, B. F. (2007). Family ownership and firm performance: Evidence from public companies in Chile. Family Business Review, 20(2), 83-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2007.00087.x

Masri, T. E., Tekathen, M., Magnan, M., & Boulianne, E. (2017). Calibrating management control technologies and the dual identity of family firms. Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management, 14(2), 157-188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/QRAM-05-2016-0038

Maury, B. (2006). Family ownership and firm performance: empirical evidence from Western European corporations. Journal of Corporate Finance, 12(2), 321-341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2005.02.002

Mazzi, C. (2011). Family business and financial performance: current state of knowledge and future research challenges. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 2(3), 166-181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2011.07.001

Micheli, P. & Mura, M. (2017). Executing strategy through comprehensive performance measurement systems. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 37(4), 423-443. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-08-2015-0472

Muttakin, M. B., Khan, A., & Subramaniam, N. (2014). Family firms, family generation and performance: evidence from an emerging economy. Journal of accounting in emerging economies, 4(2), 197-219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-02-2012-0010

Olson, E. M. & Slater, S. F. (2002). The balanced scorecard, competitive strategy, and performance. Business Horizons, 45(3), 17-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-6813(02)00198-2

Poletti-Hughes, J. & Williams, J. (2017). The effect of Family control on value and risk-taking in Mexico: a sociomotional wealth approach. International Review of Financial Analysis.

Politelo, L., Kaveski, I. D. S., Chiarello, T. C., & Silva, T. P. (2014). Propriedade Familiar e Remuneração Baseada em Ações da Diretoria das Empresas Familiares. Revista Ambiente Contábil, 6(1), 183-201.

Pukthuanthong, K., J. Walker, T., Thiengtham, D. N., & Du, H. (2013). Does family ownership create or destroy value? Evidence from Canada. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 9(1), 13-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17439131311298511

Reyna, J. M. S. M. & Encalada, J. A. D. (2016). Sucesión y su relación com endeudamiento y desempeño en empresas familiares, 61(1), 41-57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cya.2015.09.005

Saleh, A. S., Halili, E., Zeitun, R., & Salim, R. (2017). Global financial crisis, ownership structure and firm financial performance: An examination of listed firms in Australia. Studies in Economics and Finance, 34(4), 447-465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/SEF-09-2016-0223

Sciascia, S., Mazzola, P., & Kellermanns, F. W. (2014). Family management and profitability in private family-owned firms: introducing generational stage and the socioemotional wealth perspective. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(2), 131-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2014.03.001

Sharma, P. (2004). An overview of the field of Family business studies: current status and directions for the future. Family Business Review, 17(1), 1-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2004.00001.x

Sharma, P., Chrisman, J. J., & Chua, J. H. (1997). Strategic management of the Family business: past research and future challenges. Family Business Review, 10(1), 1-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1997.00001.x

Shyu, J. (2011). Family ownership and firm performance: evidence from Taiwanese firms. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 7(4), 397-411. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/17439131111166393

Speckbacher, G. & Wentges, P. (2012). The impact of Family control on the use of performance measures in strategic target setting and incentive compensation: a research note. Management Accounting Research, 23(1), 34-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mar.2011.06.002

Ussman, A. M. (1996). As empresas familiares – características e problemática. Estudos de Gestão, 3(1), 19-26.

Vieira, E. F. S. (2014). The effect on the performance of listed family and non-family firms. Managerial Finance, 40(3), 234-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MF-06-2013-0134

Wooldridge, J. M. (2012). Introdução à Econometria: uma abordagem moderna. São Paulo: Cengage Learning.

Zahra, S. A. & Sharma, P. (2004). Family business research: A strategic reflection. Family Business Review, 17(4), 331-346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2004.00022.x

Zahra, S. A. (2005). Entrepreneurial risk taking in family firms. Family Business Review, 18(1), 23-40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2005.00028.x

Publicado

2018-10-11

Como Citar

Brandt, E., Kroenke, A., & Pletsch, C. (2018). Efeito da gestão familiar na avaliação do desempenho da empresa: evidências do Brasil. Revista Catarinense Da Ciência Contábil, 17(52). https://doi.org/10.16930/2237-7662/rccc.v17n52.2727